The new Dutch antisemitism monitor recorded 281 antisemitic incidents in 2025, down from the post-October 7 peak of 421 incidents in 2024. However, this is still dramatically higher than pre-war levels.
This is according to a new 100-page report by the Center for Information and Documentation Israel (CIDI) into Dutch antisemitism in 2025.
Across the whole year, the Dutch Public Prosecution Service recorded 46 antisemitic criminal discrimination cases in 2025, representing 26% of all registered discrimination offenses.
This means that more than a quarter of all discrimination offenses in 2025 were directed at a minority that makes up only 0.3% of the Dutch population.
There were several incidents of real-life threats of violence. On February 4, 2025, a Jewish school received an email threatening to shoot three pupils. On April 17, a man was told in the supermarket, “You look like a cancerous Jew. I’m going to chop your head off.” One Jewish institution reportedly received almost daily emails from the same individual.
There was also a striking increase in antisemitic incidents at demonstrations – from one report in 2024 to eight in 2025.
These incidents predominantly occurred at anti-immigration protests and at protests surrounding the Israel-Hamas War. For example, during a demonstration in May 2025 in The Hague, signs were seen comparing the war in Gaza to the Holocaust and equating Israel with Nazi Germany.
Researchers in general found that traditional antisemitic conspiracy theories are repeatedly being repackaged by using the word “Zionist” instead of “Jew.” This serves as a replacement label through which the same discriminatory messages are spread.
Nuanced shift towards the de-Judaization of the Holocaust
The report also identified Holocaust analogies as a major trend in Dutch antisemitism. For example, Anne Frank is depicted as a Palestinian victim, or Gaza is described as “the new Warsaw Ghetto.”
CIDI argues that these comparisons trivialize the Holocaust and shift Jews from victims to alleged perpetrators.
Regarding the Holocaust, CIDI noted a nuanced shift towards the de-Judaization of the Holocaust. For example, media coverage and public statements surrounding Holocaust commemorations increasingly referred to “millions of victims” or “millions of people,” without explicitly stating that these victims were Jews.
Non-Jewish institutions are increasingly hesitant to cooperate with Jewish orgs.
CIDI also explored how increasing antisemitism impacts Jewish visibility. It found that wearing a kippah or Star of David can attract negative reactions and, as a result, many believe that they must hide these symbols. It also found that Jewish organizations struggle to find venues and that non-Jewish institutions are increasingly hesitant to cooperate with Jewish organizations because of security concerns.
CIDI recommended that the Netherlands tackle societal antisemitism by adopting the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) working definition of antisemitism as a guiding framework, increasing police and prosecutorial resources devoted to antisemitic offenses, and criminalizing discrimination based on nationality to better protect groups, including Israelis.
Researchers did, however, warn that the aforementioned data might be misleading due to the phenomenon of “reporting fatigue” and a shift toward forms of antisemitism that are harder to classify and track.
“People increasingly doubt the usefulness of filing a report or complaint and more often feel that nothing will be done about it,” the report said, adding that some fear that “reporting an incident may instead create more problems.”
“The registered incidents in this monitor are therefore only the tip of the iceberg,” the report concluded.